The biogeography of the Amazonian tree flora

Luize, Bruno Garcia, Tuomisto, Hanna, Ekelschot, Robin, Dexter, Kyle G., Amaral, Iêda L. do, Coelho, Luiz de Souza, Matos, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida, Lima Filho, Diógenes de Andrade, Salomão, Rafael P., Wittmann, Florian, Castilho, Carolina V., Carim, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga, Guevara, Juan Ernesto, Phillips, Oliver L., Magnusson, William E., Sabatier, Daniel, Cardenas Revilla, Juan David, Molino, Jean-François, Irume, Mariana Victória, Martins, Maria Pires, Guimarães, José Renan da Silva, Ramos, José Ferreira, Bánki, Olaf S., Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez, Cárdenas López, Dairon, Pitman, Nigel C. A., Demarchi, Layon O., Schöngart, Jochen, de Leão Novo, Evlyn Márcia Moraes, Núñez Vargas, Percy, Silva, Thiago Sanna Freire, Venticinque, Eduardo Martins, Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, Reis, Neidiane Farias Costa, Terborgh, John, Casula, Katia Regina, Honorio Coronado, Euridice N., Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo, Montero, Juan Carlos, Costa, Flávia R. C., Feldpausch, Ted R., Quaresma, Adriano Costa, Castaño Arboleda, Nicolás, Zartman, Charles Eugene, Killeen, Timothy J., Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon, Ben Hur, Vasquez, Rodolfo, Mostacedo, Bonifacio, Assis, Rafael L., Baraloto, Chris, do Amaral, Dário Dantas, Engel, Julien, Petronelli, Pascal, Castellanos, Hernán, de Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante, Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni, Andrade, Ana, Camargo, José Luís, Laurance, William F., Laurance, Susan G. W., Rincón, Lorena Maniguaje, Schietti, Juliana, Sousa, Thaiane R., Mori, Gisele Biem, Farias, Emanuelle de Sousa, Lopes, Maria Aparecida, Magalhães, José Leonardo Lima, Nascimento, Henrique Eduardo Mendonça, de Queiroz, Helder Lima, Vasconcelos, Caroline C., Aymard C, Gerardo A., Brienen, Roel, Stevenson, Pablo R., Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Cintra, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat, Baker, Tim R., Feitosa, Yuri Oliveira, Mogollón, Hugo F., Duivenvoorden, Joost F., Peres, Carlos A., Silman, Miles R., Ferreira, Leandro Valle, Lozada, José Rafael, Comiskey, James A., de Toledo, José Julio, Damasco, Gabriel, Dávila, Nállarett, Draper, Freddie C., García-Villacorta, Roosevelt, Lopes, Aline, Vicentini, Alberto, Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, Alonso, Alfonso, Arroyo, Luzmila, Dallmeier, Francisco, Gomes, Vitor H. F., Jimenez, Eliana M., Neill, David, Peñuela Mora, Maria Cristina, Noronha, Janaína Costa, de Aguiar, Daniel P. P., Barbosa, Flávia Rodrigues, Bredin, Yennie K., Carpanedo, Rainiellen de Sá, Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes, Souza, Fernanda Coelho de, Feeley, Kenneth J., Gribel, Rogerio, Haugaasen, Torbjørn, Hawes, Joseph E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0053-2018 , Pansonato, Marcelo Petratti, Pipoly, John J., Paredes, Marcos Ríos, Rodrigues, Domingos de Jesus, Barlow, Jos, Berenguer, Erika, da Silva, Izaias Brasil, Ferreira, Maria Julia, Ferreira, Joice, Fine, Paul V. A., Guedes, Marcelino Carneiro, Levis, Carolina, Licona, Juan Carlos, Villa Zegarra, Boris Eduardo, Vos, Vincent Antoine, Cerón, Carlos, Durgante, Flávia Machado, Fonty, Émile, Henkel, Terry W., Householder, John Ethan, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau, Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, Thomas, Raquel, Daly, Doug, Milliken, William, Molina, Guido Pardo, Pennington, Toby, Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães, Albuquerque, Bianca Weiss, Campelo, Wegliane, Fuentes, Alfredo, Klitgaard, Bente, Pena, José Luis Marcelo, Tello, J. Sebastián, Vriesendorp, Corine, Chave, Jerome, Di Fiore, Anthony, Hilário, Renato Richard, Pereira, Luciana de Oliveira, Phillips, Juan Fernando, Rivas-Torres, Gonzalo, van Andel, Tinde R., von Hildebrand, Patricio, Balee, William, Barbosa, Edelcilio Marques, Bonates, Luiz Carlos de Matos, Dávila Doza, Hilda Paulette, Zárate Gómez, Ricardo, Gonzales, Therany, Gallardo Gonzales, George Pepe, Hoffman, Bruce, Junqueira, André Braga, Malhi, Yadvinder, Miranda, Ires Paula de Andrade, Pinto, Linder Felipe Mozombite, Prieto, Adriana, Rudas, Agustín, Ruschel, Ademir R., Silva, Natalino, Vela, César I. A., Zent, Stanford, Zent, Egleé L., Endara, María José, Cano, Angela, Carrero Márquez, Yrma Andreina, Correa, Diego F., Costa, Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa, Monteiro Flores, Bernardo, Galbraith, David, Holmgren, Milena, Kalamandeen, Michelle, Lobo, Guilherme, Torres Montenegro, Luis, Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade, Oliveira, Alexandre A., Pombo, Maihyra Marina, Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Rocha, Maira, Scudeller, Veridiana Vizoni, Umaña, Maria Natalia, van der Heijden, Geertje, Vilanova Torre, Emilio, Vargas, Tony Mori, Ahuite Reategui, Manuel Augusto, Baider, Cláudia, Balslev, Henrik, Cárdenas, Sasha, Casas, Luisa Fernanda, Farfan-Rios, William, Ferreira, Cid, Linares-Palomino, Reynaldo, Mendoza, Casimiro, Mesones, Italo, Parada, Germaine Alexander, Torres-Lezama, Armando, Urrego Giraldo, Ligia Estela, Villarroel, Daniel, Zagt, Roderick, Alexiades, Miguel N., de Oliveira, Edmar Almeida, Fortier, Riley P., Garcia-Cabrera, Karina, Hernandez, Lionel, Palacios Cuenca, Walter, Pansini, Susamar, Pauletto, Daniela, Ramirez Arevalo, Freddy, Sampaio, Adeilza Felipe, Valderrama Sandoval, Elvis H., Valenzuela Gamarra, Luis, Hirota, Marina, Palma-Silva, Clarisse and ter Steege, Hans (2024) The biogeography of the Amazonian tree flora. Communications Biology, 7 . p. 1240.

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Abstract

We describe the geographical variation in tree species composition across Amazonian forests and show how environmental conditions are associated with species turnover. Our analyses are based on 2023 forest inventory plots (1 ha) that provide abundance data for a total of 5188 tree species. Within-plot species composition reflected both local environmental conditions (especially soil nutrients and hydrology) and geographical regions. A broader-scale view of species turnover was obtained by interpolating the relative tree species abundances over Amazonia into 47,441 0.1-degree grid cells. Two main dimensions of spatial change in tree species composition were identified. The first was a gradient between western Amazonia at the Andean forelands (with young geology and relatively nutrient-rich soils) and central–eastern Amazonia associated with the Guiana and Brazilian Shields (with more ancient geology and poor soils). The second gradient was between the wet forests of the northwest and the drier forests in southern Amazonia. Isolines linking cells of similar composition crossed major Amazonian rivers, suggesting that tree species distributions are not limited by rivers. Even though some areas of relatively sharp species turnover were identified, mostly the tree species composition changed gradually over large extents, which does not support delimiting clear discrete biogeographic regions within Amazonia.

Item Type:	Article
Journal / Publication Title:	Communications Biology
Publisher:	Nature Research
ISSN:	2399-3642
Departments:	Institute of Science and Environment > Forestry and Conservation
Additional Information:	This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material.
Depositing User:	Joseph Hawes
Date Deposited:	03 Oct 2024 09:53
Last Modified:	03 Oct 2024 10:00
URI:	https://insight.cumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/8429

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