Effect of back squat depth on lower-body postactivation potentiation

Esformes, Joseph and Bampouras, Theodoros ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8991-4655 (2013) Effect of back squat depth on lower-body postactivation potentiation. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27 (11). pp. 2997-3000.

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Abstract

Postactivation potentiation (PAP) refers to increased muscular force generation after previous muscular activity. Various studies have used different squat variations as a PAP stimulus; however, different squat depths can have different mechanical and physiological demands that could yield different PAP levels and subsequent performance. The study aimed to compare the effects of the parallel (PS) and quarter (QS) squat on PAP. Twenty-seven, semiprofessional, male rugby union players (mean ± SD, 18 ± 2 years, 87.2 ± 5.4 kg, 180.7 ± 5.1 cm) performed a countermovement jump (BL-CMJ) followed by a 10-minute rest. Subsequently, they performed 3 PS or QS, at each squat’s respective 3-repetition maximum load, in a randomized counterbalanced order. After a 5-minute rest, another countermovement jump (CMJ) was performed (POST-CMJ). Countermovement jump height (JH), peak power (PP), impulse (I), and flight time (FT) were recorded using a contact mat. BL-CMJ and POST-CMJ pairwise comparisons for all variables were conducted for each squat type to examine performance changes. Delta values were compared to examine whether one squat produced better CMJ results. Both squats induced PAP for all the variables (p < 0.05), although PS produced better results than QS (p < 0.05; JH, 4.6 ± 2 vs. 3.5 ± 2 cm; I, 15 ± 6 vs. 12 ± 5 N&middot;s; PP, 285 ± 109 vs. 215 ± 96 W; FT, 34 ± 23 vs. 26 ± 11 milliseconds for PS vs. QS). This is the first study to demonstrate that different squat types can induce PAP and that PS is more beneficial for subsequent CMJ performance compared with QS. It is suggested that the deeper depth of PS, which increases gluteus maximum activation and work produced, is responsible for the increased CMJ performance.

Item Type:	Article
Journal / Publication Title:	Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
Publisher:	Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins for National Strength and Conditioning Association
ISSN:	1533-4287
Departments:	Academic Departments > Medical & Sport Sciences (MSS) > Sports and Physical Activity
Depositing User:	Insight Administrator
Date Deposited:	08 Feb 2016 12:14
Last Modified:	12 Jan 2024 12:01
URI:	https://insight.cumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/2005

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